{"id":6744,"date":"2026-09-12T10:23:00","date_gmt":"2026-09-12T03:23:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/sunnysolar.vn\/?p=6744"},"modified":"2026-09-12T10:23:00","modified_gmt":"2026-09-12T03:23:00","slug":"tinh-sut-ap-dien-3-pha-cong-thuc-cach-tinh","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/sunnysolar.vn\/en\/tinh-sut-ap-dien-3-pha-cong-thuc-cach-tinh\/","title":{"rendered":"T\u00ednh s\u1ee5t \u00e1p \u0111i\u1ec7n 3 pha: C\u00f4ng th\u1ee9c &#038; V\u00ed d\u1ee5 chi ti\u1ebft"},"content":{"rendered":"<h1>T\u00cdNH S\u1ee4T \u00c1P \u0110I\u1ec6N 3 PHA: C\u00d4NG TH\u1ee8C, C\u00c1CH T\u00cdNH V\u00c0 V\u00cd D\u1ee4 C\u00c1P 50MM\u00b2<\/h1>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-6745\" src=\"http:\/\/sunnysolar.vn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/tinh-sut-ap-dien-3-pha-cong-thuc-cach-tinh.jpeg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1254\" height=\"1254\" srcset=\"https:\/\/sunnysolar.vn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/tinh-sut-ap-dien-3-pha-cong-thuc-cach-tinh.jpeg 1254w, https:\/\/sunnysolar.vn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/tinh-sut-ap-dien-3-pha-cong-thuc-cach-tinh-300x300.jpeg 300w, https:\/\/sunnysolar.vn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/tinh-sut-ap-dien-3-pha-cong-thuc-cach-tinh-1024x1024.jpeg 1024w, https:\/\/sunnysolar.vn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/tinh-sut-ap-dien-3-pha-cong-thuc-cach-tinh-150x150.jpeg 150w, https:\/\/sunnysolar.vn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/tinh-sut-ap-dien-3-pha-cong-thuc-cach-tinh-768x768.jpeg 768w, https:\/\/sunnysolar.vn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/tinh-sut-ap-dien-3-pha-cong-thuc-cach-tinh-12x12.jpeg 12w, https:\/\/sunnysolar.vn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/tinh-sut-ap-dien-3-pha-cong-thuc-cach-tinh-600x600.jpeg 600w, https:\/\/sunnysolar.vn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/tinh-sut-ap-dien-3-pha-cong-thuc-cach-tinh-100x100.jpeg 100w, https:\/\/sunnysolar.vn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/tinh-sut-ap-dien-3-pha-cong-thuc-cach-tinh-64x64.jpeg 64w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1254px) 100vw, 1254px\" \/><\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<h1>T\u00ednh s\u1ee5t \u00e1p \u0111i\u1ec7n 3 pha: C\u00f4ng th\u1ee9c v\u00e0 c\u00e1ch t\u00ednh chi ti\u1ebft<\/h1>\n<p>Trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng \u0111i\u1ec7n 3 pha, <strong>t\u00ednh s\u1ee5t \u00e1p \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng d\u00e2y<\/strong> l\u00e0 b\u01b0\u1edbc quan tr\u1ecdng \u0111\u1ec3 l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn ti\u1ebft di\u1ec7n c\u00e1p ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb nh\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111i\u1ec7n \u00e1p \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh.<\/p>\n<p>Khi d\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n truy\u1ec1n t\u1ea3i qua m\u1ed9t \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng d\u00e2y c\u00f3 \u0111i\u1ec7n tr\u1edf v\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec7n kh\u00e1ng, \u0111i\u1ec7n \u00e1p \u1edf cu\u1ed1i \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng d\u00e2y s\u1ebd th\u1ea5p h\u01a1n \u0111i\u1ec7n \u00e1p t\u1ea1i ngu\u1ed3n. Hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng n\u00e0y g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 <strong>s\u1ee5t \u00e1p (Voltage Drop)<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<p>\u0110\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t v\u1edbi c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng c\u00f3 <strong>\u0111\u01b0\u1eddng d\u00e2y d\u00e0i, d\u00f2ng t\u1ea3i l\u1edbn ho\u1eb7c t\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u01a1<\/strong>, vi\u1ec7c ki\u1ec3m tra s\u1ee5t \u00e1p c\u00e0ng c\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c quan t\u00e2m.<\/p>\n<p>B\u00e0i vi\u1ebft d\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u00e2y tr\u00ecnh b\u00e0y c\u00e1ch <strong>t\u00ednh s\u1ee5t \u00e1p \u0111i\u1ec7n 3 pha<\/strong> theo \u0111\u00fang n\u1ed9i dung trong h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh, v\u1edbi v\u00ed d\u1ee5:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>C\u00e1p \u0111\u1ed3ng <strong>50 mm\u00b2<\/strong><\/li>\n<li>Chi\u1ec1u d\u00e0i <strong>100 m<\/strong><\/li>\n<li>D\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n <strong>100 A<\/strong><\/li>\n<li>\u0110i\u1ec7n \u00e1p 3 pha <strong>415 V<\/strong><\/li>\n<li>\u0110i\u1ec7n tr\u1edf <strong>0,387 \u03a9\/km<\/strong><\/li>\n<li>\u0110i\u1ec7n kh\u00e1ng <strong>0,08 \u03a9\/km<\/strong><\/li>\n<li>H\u1ec7 s\u1ed1 c\u00f4ng su\u1ea5t <strong>cos \u03c6 = 0,8<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<hr \/>\n<h1>1. S\u1ee5t \u00e1p \u0111i\u1ec7n 3 pha l\u00e0 g\u00ec?<\/h1>\n<p><strong>S\u1ee5t \u00e1p \u0111i\u1ec7n 3 pha<\/strong> l\u00e0 m\u1ee9c \u0111i\u1ec7n \u00e1p b\u1ecb gi\u1ea3m tr\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng d\u00e2y khi d\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n ch\u1ea1y t\u1eeb ngu\u1ed3n \u0111\u1ebfn t\u1ea3i.<\/p>\n<p>C\u00f3 th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec3u \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n:<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u0110i\u1ec7n \u00e1p t\u1ea1i t\u1ea3i = \u0110i\u1ec7n \u00e1p ngu\u1ed3n \u2013 \u0110\u1ed9 s\u1ee5t \u00e1p tr\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng d\u00e2y<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>N\u1ebfu \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng d\u00e2y c\u00f3 chi\u1ec1u d\u00e0i l\u1edbn ho\u1eb7c d\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n cao, s\u1ee5t \u00e1p c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u0103ng l\u00ean \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3.<\/p>\n<p>Vi\u1ec7c t\u00ednh to\u00e1n s\u1ee5t \u00e1p gi\u00fap:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>L\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn ti\u1ebft di\u1ec7n c\u00e1p ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p.<\/li>\n<li>\u0110\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o \u0111i\u1ec7n \u00e1p \u0111\u1ebfn thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb.<\/li>\n<li>H\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf t\u1ed5n th\u1ea5t tr\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng d\u00e2y.<\/li>\n<li>Gi\u1ea3m nguy c\u01a1 thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng kh\u00f4ng \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh.<\/li>\n<li>H\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng \u0111i\u1ec7n an to\u00e0n v\u00e0 hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<hr \/>\n<h1>2. D\u1eef li\u1ec7u \u0111\u1ea7u v\u00e0o c\u1ee7a b\u00e0i to\u00e1n<\/h1>\n<p>Theo h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh, b\u00e0i to\u00e1n s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c th\u00f4ng s\u1ed1 sau:<\/p>\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th>Th\u00f4ng s\u1ed1<\/th>\n<th align=\"right\">Gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>Ti\u1ebft di\u1ec7n c\u00e1p<\/strong><\/td>\n<td align=\"right\"><strong>50 mm\u00b2<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>V\u1eadt li\u1ec7u<\/strong><\/td>\n<td align=\"right\"><strong>\u0110\u1ed3ng<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>Chi\u1ec1u d\u00e0i c\u00e1p<\/strong><\/td>\n<td align=\"right\"><strong>100 m = 0,1 km<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>D\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n I<\/strong><\/td>\n<td align=\"right\"><strong>100 A<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>\u0110i\u1ec7n \u00e1p d\u00e2y \u2013 d\u00e2y V\u2097\u208b\u2097<\/strong><\/td>\n<td align=\"right\"><strong>415 V<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>\u0110i\u1ec7n tr\u1edf R<\/strong><\/td>\n<td align=\"right\"><strong>0,387 \u03a9\/km<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>\u0110i\u1ec7n kh\u00e1ng X<\/strong><\/td>\n<td align=\"right\"><strong>0,08 \u03a9\/km<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>H\u1ec7 s\u1ed1 c\u00f4ng su\u1ea5t cos \u03c6<\/strong><\/td>\n<td align=\"right\"><strong>0,8<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>Do R v\u00e0 X \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c cho theo \u0111\u01a1n v\u1ecb <strong>\u03a9\/km<\/strong>, c\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ed5i:<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"katex\"><math display=\"block\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\"><semantics><mrow><mn>100<\/mn><mi>m<\/mi><mo>=<\/mo><mn>0<\/mn><mo separator=\"true\">,<\/mo><mn>1<\/mn><mi>k<\/mi><mi>m<\/mi><\/mrow><\/semantics><\/math><\/span><\/p>\n<p>\u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 b\u01b0\u1edbc c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi \u0111\u01b0a d\u1eef li\u1ec7u v\u00e0o c\u00f4ng th\u1ee9c.<\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<h1>3. C\u00f4ng th\u1ee9c t\u00ednh s\u1ee5t \u00e1p \u0111i\u1ec7n 3 pha<\/h1>\n<p>Theo n\u1ed9i dung trong h\u00ecnh, c\u00f4ng th\u1ee9c t\u00ednh s\u1ee5t \u00e1p c\u1ee7a m\u1ea1ch \u0111i\u1ec7n 3 pha l\u00e0:<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"katex\"><math display=\"block\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\"><semantics><mrow><menclose notation=\"box\"><mstyle displaystyle=\"false\" scriptlevel=\"0\"><mstyle displaystyle=\"false\" scriptlevel=\"0\"><mstyle displaystyle=\"true\" scriptlevel=\"0\"><mrow><msub><mi>V<\/mi><mi>d<\/mi><\/msub><mo>=<\/mo><msqrt><mn>3<\/mn><\/msqrt><mo>\u00d7<\/mo><mi>I<\/mi><mo>\u00d7<\/mo><mi>L<\/mi><mo>\u00d7<\/mo><mo stretchy=\"false\">(<\/mo><mi>R<\/mi><mi>cos<\/mi><mo>\u2061<\/mo><mi>\u03c6<\/mi><mo>+<\/mo><mi>X<\/mi><mi>sin<\/mi><mo>\u2061<\/mo><mi>\u03c6<\/mi><mo stretchy=\"false\">)<\/mo><\/mrow><\/mstyle><\/mstyle><\/mstyle><\/menclose><\/mrow><\/semantics><\/math><\/span><\/p>\n<p>Trong \u0111\u00f3:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Vd:<\/strong> \u0110\u1ed9 s\u1ee5t \u00e1p, \u0111\u01a1n v\u1ecb V.<\/li>\n<li><strong>I:<\/strong> D\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1ea3i, \u0111\u01a1n v\u1ecb A.<\/li>\n<li><strong>L:<\/strong> Chi\u1ec1u d\u00e0i c\u00e1p, \u0111\u01a1n v\u1ecb km.<\/li>\n<li><strong>R:<\/strong> \u0110i\u1ec7n tr\u1edf c\u1ee7a c\u00e1p, \u03a9\/km.<\/li>\n<li><strong>X:<\/strong> \u0110i\u1ec7n kh\u00e1ng c\u1ee7a c\u00e1p, \u03a9\/km.<\/li>\n<li><strong>cos \u03c6:<\/strong> H\u1ec7 s\u1ed1 c\u00f4ng su\u1ea5t.<\/li>\n<li><strong>sin \u03c6:<\/strong> H\u1ec7 s\u1ed1 c\u00f4ng su\u1ea5t t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u1ee9ng.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>So v\u1edbi c\u00f4ng th\u1ee9c s\u1ee5t \u00e1p c\u1ee7a m\u1ea1ch 1 pha, c\u00f4ng th\u1ee9c 3 pha c\u00f3 h\u1ec7 s\u1ed1:<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"katex\"><math display=\"block\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\"><semantics><mrow><msqrt><mn>3<\/mn><\/msqrt><\/mrow><\/semantics><\/math><\/span><\/p>\n<p>\u0111\u1ec3 t\u00ednh to\u00e1n theo \u0111i\u1ec7n \u00e1p <strong>d\u00e2y \u2013 d\u00e2y (Line-to-Line Voltage)<\/strong> c\u1ee7a h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng 3 pha.<\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<h1>4. T\u00ednh sin \u03c6 khi cos \u03c6 = 0,8<\/h1>\n<p>\u0110\u1ec1 b\u00e0i cho:<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"katex\"><math display=\"block\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\"><semantics><mrow><mi>cos<\/mi><mo>\u2061<\/mo><mi>\u03c6<\/mi><mo>=<\/mo><mn>0<\/mn><mo separator=\"true\">,<\/mo><mn>8<\/mn><\/mrow><\/semantics><\/math><\/span><\/p>\n<p>Ta c\u00f3:<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"katex\"><math display=\"block\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\"><semantics><mrow><mi>sin<\/mi><mo>\u2061<\/mo><mi>\u03c6<\/mi><mo>=<\/mo><msqrt><mrow><mn>1<\/mn><mo>\u2212<\/mo><msup><mrow><mi>cos<\/mi><mo>\u2061<\/mo><\/mrow><mn>2<\/mn><\/msup><mi>\u03c6<\/mi><\/mrow><\/msqrt><\/mrow><\/semantics><\/math><\/span><\/p>\n<p>Thay s\u1ed1:<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"katex\"><math display=\"block\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\"><semantics><mrow><mi>sin<\/mi><mo>\u2061<\/mo><mi>\u03c6<\/mi><mo>=<\/mo><msqrt><mrow><mn>1<\/mn><mo>\u2212<\/mo><mn>0<\/mn><mo separator=\"true\">,<\/mo><msup><mn>8<\/mn><mn>2<\/mn><\/msup><\/mrow><\/msqrt><\/mrow><\/semantics><\/math><\/span><span class=\"katex\"><math display=\"block\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\"><semantics><mrow><mo>=<\/mo><msqrt><mrow><mn>1<\/mn><mo>\u2212<\/mo><mn>0<\/mn><mo separator=\"true\">,<\/mo><mn>64<\/mn><\/mrow><\/msqrt><\/mrow><\/semantics><\/math><\/span><span class=\"katex\"><math display=\"block\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\"><semantics><mrow><mo>=<\/mo><msqrt><mrow><mn>0<\/mn><mo separator=\"true\">,<\/mo><mn>36<\/mn><\/mrow><\/msqrt><\/mrow><\/semantics><\/math><\/span><span class=\"katex\"><math display=\"block\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\"><semantics><mrow><menclose notation=\"box\"><mstyle displaystyle=\"false\" scriptlevel=\"0\"><mstyle displaystyle=\"false\" scriptlevel=\"0\"><mstyle displaystyle=\"true\" scriptlevel=\"0\"><mrow><mi>sin<\/mi><mo>\u2061<\/mo><mi>\u03c6<\/mi><mo>=<\/mo><mn>0<\/mn><mo separator=\"true\">,<\/mo><mn>6<\/mn><\/mrow><\/mstyle><\/mstyle><\/mstyle><\/menclose><\/mrow><\/semantics><\/math><\/span><\/p>\n<p>Nh\u01b0 v\u1eady:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>cos \u03c6 = 0,8<\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong>sin \u03c6 = 0,6<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<hr \/>\n<h1>5. Thay s\u1ed1 v\u00e0o c\u00f4ng th\u1ee9c t\u00ednh s\u1ee5t \u00e1p<\/h1>\n<p>C\u00e1c gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>I = 100 A<\/li>\n<li>L = 0,1 km<\/li>\n<li>R = 0,387 \u03a9\/km<\/li>\n<li>X = 0,08 \u03a9\/km<\/li>\n<li>cos \u03c6 = 0,8<\/li>\n<li>sin \u03c6 = 0,6<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>C\u00f4ng th\u1ee9c:<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"katex\"><math display=\"block\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\"><semantics><mrow><msub><mi>V<\/mi><mi>d<\/mi><\/msub><mo>=<\/mo><msqrt><mn>3<\/mn><\/msqrt><mo>\u00d7<\/mo><mn>100<\/mn><mo>\u00d7<\/mo><mn>0<\/mn><mo separator=\"true\">,<\/mo><mn>1<\/mn><mo>\u00d7<\/mo><mo stretchy=\"false\">(<\/mo><mn>0<\/mn><mo separator=\"true\">,<\/mo><mn>387<\/mn><mo>\u00d7<\/mo><mn>0<\/mn><mo separator=\"true\">,<\/mo><mn>8<\/mn><mo>+<\/mo><mn>0<\/mn><mo separator=\"true\">,<\/mo><mn>08<\/mn><mo>\u00d7<\/mo><mn>0<\/mn><mo separator=\"true\">,<\/mo><mn>6<\/mn><mo stretchy=\"false\">)<\/mo><\/mrow><\/semantics><\/math><\/span><\/p>\n<p>T\u00ednh th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n \u0111i\u1ec7n tr\u1edf:<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"katex\"><math display=\"block\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\"><semantics><mrow><mn>0<\/mn><mo separator=\"true\">,<\/mo><mn>387<\/mn><mo>\u00d7<\/mo><mn>0<\/mn><mo separator=\"true\">,<\/mo><mn>8<\/mn><mo>=<\/mo><mn>0<\/mn><mo separator=\"true\">,<\/mo><mn>3096<\/mn><\/mrow><\/semantics><\/math><\/span><\/p>\n<p>T\u00ednh th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n \u0111i\u1ec7n kh\u00e1ng:<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"katex\"><math display=\"block\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\"><semantics><mrow><mn>0<\/mn><mo separator=\"true\">,<\/mo><mn>08<\/mn><mo>\u00d7<\/mo><mn>0<\/mn><mo separator=\"true\">,<\/mo><mn>6<\/mn><mo>=<\/mo><mn>0<\/mn><mo separator=\"true\">,<\/mo><mn>048<\/mn><\/mrow><\/semantics><\/math><\/span><\/p>\n<p>C\u1ed9ng hai th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n:<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"katex\"><math display=\"block\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\"><semantics><mrow><mn>0<\/mn><mo separator=\"true\">,<\/mo><mn>3096<\/mn><mo>+<\/mo><mn>0<\/mn><mo separator=\"true\">,<\/mo><mn>048<\/mn><mo>=<\/mo><mn>0<\/mn><mo separator=\"true\">,<\/mo><mn>3576<\/mn><\/mrow><\/semantics><\/math><\/span><\/p>\n<p>Ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c:<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"katex\"><math display=\"block\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\"><semantics><mrow><msub><mi>V<\/mi><mi>d<\/mi><\/msub><mo>=<\/mo><mn>17<\/mn><mo separator=\"true\">,<\/mo><mn>32<\/mn><mo>\u00d7<\/mo><mn>0<\/mn><mo separator=\"true\">,<\/mo><mn>3576<\/mn><\/mrow><\/semantics><\/math><\/span><\/p>\n<p>Suy ra:<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"katex\"><math display=\"block\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\"><semantics><mrow><menclose notation=\"box\"><mstyle displaystyle=\"false\" scriptlevel=\"0\"><mstyle displaystyle=\"false\" scriptlevel=\"0\"><mstyle displaystyle=\"true\" scriptlevel=\"0\"><mrow><msub><mi>V<\/mi><mi>d<\/mi><\/msub><mo>\u2248<\/mo><mn>6<\/mn><mo separator=\"true\">,<\/mo><mn>19<\/mn><mi>V<\/mi><\/mrow><\/mstyle><\/mstyle><\/mstyle><\/menclose><\/mrow><\/semantics><\/math><\/span><\/p>\n<h3>K\u1ebft qu\u1ea3:<\/h3>\n<p><strong>\u0110\u1ed9 s\u1ee5t \u00e1p c\u1ee7a \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng d\u00e2y 3 pha \u2248 6,19 V.<\/strong><\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<h1>6. C\u00e1ch t\u00ednh ph\u1ea7n tr\u0103m s\u1ee5t \u00e1p<\/h1>\n<p>Sau khi x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ed9 s\u1ee5t \u00e1p theo Volt, ta t\u00ednh ph\u1ea7n tr\u0103m s\u1ee5t \u00e1p b\u1eb1ng c\u00f4ng th\u1ee9c:<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"katex\"><math display=\"block\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\"><semantics><mrow><menclose notation=\"box\"><mstyle displaystyle=\"false\" scriptlevel=\"0\"><mstyle displaystyle=\"false\" scriptlevel=\"0\"><mstyle displaystyle=\"true\" scriptlevel=\"0\"><mrow><mi mathvariant=\"normal\">%<\/mi><msub><mi>V<\/mi><mi>d<\/mi><\/msub><mo>=<\/mo><mfrac><msub><mi>V<\/mi><mi>d<\/mi><\/msub><msub><mi>V<\/mi><mrow><mi>L<\/mi><mo>\u2212<\/mo><mi>L<\/mi><\/mrow><\/msub><\/mfrac><mo>\u00d7<\/mo><mn>100<\/mn><\/mrow><\/mstyle><\/mstyle><\/mstyle><\/menclose><\/mrow><\/semantics><\/math><\/span><\/p>\n<p>Trong \u0111\u00f3:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Vd:<\/strong> \u0110\u1ed9 s\u1ee5t \u00e1p.<\/li>\n<li><strong>V\u2097\u208b\u2097:<\/strong> \u0110i\u1ec7n \u00e1p d\u00e2y \u2013 d\u00e2y c\u1ee7a h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng 3 pha.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>V\u1edbi:<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"katex\"><math display=\"block\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\"><semantics><mrow><msub><mi>V<\/mi><mi>d<\/mi><\/msub><mo>=<\/mo><mn>6<\/mn><mo separator=\"true\">,<\/mo><mn>19<\/mn><mi>V<\/mi><\/mrow><\/semantics><\/math><\/span><span class=\"katex\"><math display=\"block\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\"><semantics><mrow><msub><mi>V<\/mi><mrow><mi>L<\/mi><mo>\u2212<\/mo><mi>L<\/mi><\/mrow><\/msub><mo>=<\/mo><mn>415<\/mn><mi>V<\/mi><\/mrow><\/semantics><\/math><\/span><\/p>\n<p>Ta c\u00f3:<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"katex\"><math display=\"block\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\"><semantics><mrow><mi mathvariant=\"normal\">%<\/mi><msub><mi>V<\/mi><mi>d<\/mi><\/msub><mo>=<\/mo><mfrac><mrow><mn>6<\/mn><mo separator=\"true\">,<\/mo><mn>19<\/mn><\/mrow><mn>415<\/mn><\/mfrac><mo>\u00d7<\/mo><mn>100<\/mn><\/mrow><\/semantics><\/math><\/span><span class=\"katex\"><math display=\"block\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\"><semantics><mrow><menclose notation=\"box\"><mstyle displaystyle=\"false\" scriptlevel=\"0\"><mstyle displaystyle=\"false\" scriptlevel=\"0\"><mstyle displaystyle=\"true\" scriptlevel=\"0\"><mrow><mi mathvariant=\"normal\">%<\/mi><msub><mi>V<\/mi><mi>d<\/mi><\/msub><mo>\u2248<\/mo><mn>1<\/mn><mo separator=\"true\">,<\/mo><mn>49<\/mn><mi mathvariant=\"normal\">%<\/mi><\/mrow><\/mstyle><\/mstyle><\/mstyle><\/menclose><\/mrow><\/semantics><\/math><\/span><\/p>\n<p>Nh\u01b0 v\u1eady, \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng d\u00e2y trong v\u00ed d\u1ee5 c\u00f3 m\u1ee9c s\u1ee5t \u00e1p kho\u1ea3ng <strong>1,49%<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<h1>7. T\u1ed5ng h\u1ee3p k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 t\u00ednh s\u1ee5t \u00e1p<\/h1>\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th>N\u1ed9i dung<\/th>\n<th align=\"right\">K\u1ebft qu\u1ea3<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>Ti\u1ebft di\u1ec7n c\u00e1p<\/td>\n<td align=\"right\"><strong>50 mm\u00b2<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>V\u1eadt li\u1ec7u<\/td>\n<td align=\"right\"><strong>\u0110\u1ed3ng<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Chi\u1ec1u d\u00e0i<\/td>\n<td align=\"right\"><strong>100 m<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>D\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n<\/td>\n<td align=\"right\"><strong>100 A<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u0110i\u1ec7n \u00e1p h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng<\/td>\n<td align=\"right\"><strong>415 V \u2013 3 pha<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u0110i\u1ec7n tr\u1edf<\/td>\n<td align=\"right\"><strong>0,387 \u03a9\/km<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u0110i\u1ec7n kh\u00e1ng<\/td>\n<td align=\"right\"><strong>0,08 \u03a9\/km<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>cos \u03c6<\/td>\n<td align=\"right\"><strong>0,8<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>sin \u03c6<\/td>\n<td align=\"right\"><strong>0,6<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>S\u1ee5t \u00e1p<\/strong><\/td>\n<td align=\"right\"><strong>\u2248 6,19 V<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>Ph\u1ea7n tr\u0103m s\u1ee5t \u00e1p<\/strong><\/td>\n<td align=\"right\"><strong>\u2248 1,49%<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>Theo n\u1ed9i dung h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh, m\u1ee9c s\u1ee5t \u00e1p <strong>1,49%<\/strong> n\u1eb1m trong gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c <strong>3\u20135%<\/strong>, v\u00ec v\u1eady l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn c\u00e1p trong v\u00ed d\u1ee5 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 l\u00e0 ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p.<\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<h1>8. V\u00ed d\u1ee5 t\u00ednh s\u1ee5t \u00e1p c\u00e1p \u0111\u1ed3ng 50 mm\u00b2<\/h1>\n<p>C\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u00f3m t\u1eaft b\u00e0i to\u00e1n nh\u01b0 sau:<\/p>\n<p><strong>C\u00e1p \u0111\u1ed3ng 50 mm\u00b2<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u2b07\ufe0f<\/p>\n<p><strong>Chi\u1ec1u d\u00e0i 100 m<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u2b07\ufe0f<\/p>\n<p><strong>D\u00f2ng t\u1ea3i 100 A<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u2b07\ufe0f<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u0110i\u1ec7n \u00e1p 415 V \u2013 3 pha<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u2b07\ufe0f<\/p>\n<p><strong>cos \u03c6 = 0,8<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u2b07\ufe0f<\/p>\n<p><strong>R = 0,387 \u03a9\/km<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u2b07\ufe0f<\/p>\n<p><strong>X = 0,08 \u03a9\/km<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u2b07\ufe0f<\/p>\n<h3>K\u1ebft qu\u1ea3:<\/h3>\n<p><strong>S\u1ee5t \u00e1p = 6,19 V<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>S\u1ee5t \u00e1p = 1,49%<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 m\u1ee9c s\u1ee5t \u00e1p t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ed1i th\u1ea5p so v\u1edbi \u0111i\u1ec7n \u00e1p h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng 415 V.<\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<h1>9. T\u1ea1i sao ph\u1ea3i t\u00ednh s\u1ee5t \u00e1p cho h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng \u0111i\u1ec7n 3 pha?<\/h1>\n<p>Trong h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng \u0111i\u1ec7n c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p, d\u00f2ng t\u1ea3i c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 r\u1ea5t l\u1edbn. N\u1ebfu l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn d\u00e2y d\u1eabn kh\u00f4ng ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p, s\u1ee5t \u00e1p c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb.<\/p>\n<p>M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t nh\u1ea1y c\u1ea3m v\u1edbi s\u1ee5t \u00e1p g\u1ed3m:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u0110\u1ed9ng c\u01a1 \u0111i\u1ec7n 3 pha<\/li>\n<li>M\u00e1y b\u01a1m<\/li>\n<li>M\u00e1y n\u00e9n kh\u00ed<\/li>\n<li>M\u00e1y m\u00f3c s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t<\/li>\n<li>Bi\u1ebfn t\u1ea7n<\/li>\n<li>T\u1ee7 \u0111i\u1ec7n \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n<\/li>\n<li>H\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng HVAC<\/li>\n<li>Thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p c\u00f4ng su\u1ea5t l\u1edbn<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u01a1, \u0111i\u1ec7n \u00e1p th\u1ea5p c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m thay \u0111\u1ed5i \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh v\u00e0 \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng.<\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<h1>10. Nh\u1eefng y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn s\u1ee5t \u00e1p 3 pha<\/h1>\n<h2>10.1. Chi\u1ec1u d\u00e0i c\u00e1p<\/h2>\n<p>Chi\u1ec1u d\u00e0i \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng d\u00e2y c\u00e0ng l\u1edbn th\u00ec s\u1ee5t \u00e1p c\u00e0ng t\u0103ng.<\/p>\n<p>V\u00ed d\u1ee5, n\u1ebfu c\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n kh\u00e1c kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ed5i, t\u0103ng chi\u1ec1u d\u00e0i c\u00e1p t\u1eeb <strong>100 m l\u00ean 200 m<\/strong> s\u1ebd l\u00e0m th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n s\u1ee5t \u00e1p theo c\u00f4ng th\u1ee9c t\u0103ng t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u1ee9ng.<\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<h2>10.2. D\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1ea3i<\/h2>\n<p>D\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n c\u00e0ng l\u1edbn th\u00ec s\u1ee5t \u00e1p c\u00e0ng l\u1edbn.<\/p>\n<p>Do \u0111\u00f3, nh\u1eefng h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng c\u00f3 d\u00f2ng t\u1ea3i cao c\u1ea7n \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t ch\u00fa \u00fd \u0111\u1ebfn ti\u1ebft di\u1ec7n d\u00e2y d\u1eabn.<\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<h2>10.3. Ti\u1ebft di\u1ec7n d\u00e2y d\u1eabn<\/h2>\n<p>Ti\u1ebft di\u1ec7n d\u00e2y l\u1edbn th\u01b0\u1eddng c\u00f3 \u0111i\u1ec7n tr\u1edf th\u1ea5p h\u01a1n, gi\u00fap gi\u1ea3m s\u1ee5t \u00e1p.<\/p>\n<p>V\u00ec v\u1eady, v\u1edbi \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng d\u00e2y d\u00e0i ho\u1eb7c t\u1ea3i l\u1edbn, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u1ea7n t\u0103ng ti\u1ebft di\u1ec7n c\u00e1p \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o y\u00eau c\u1ea7u v\u1ec1 s\u1ee5t \u00e1p.<\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<h2>10.4. \u0110i\u1ec7n tr\u1edf v\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec7n kh\u00e1ng<\/h2>\n<p>C\u00f4ng th\u1ee9c c\u00f3 hai th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n:<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"katex\"><math display=\"block\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\"><semantics><mrow><mi>R<\/mi><mi>cos<\/mi><mo>\u2061<\/mo><mi>\u03c6<\/mi><\/mrow><\/semantics><\/math><\/span><\/p>\n<p>v\u00e0<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"katex\"><math display=\"block\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\"><semantics><mrow><mi>X<\/mi><mi>sin<\/mi><mo>\u2061<\/mo><mi>\u03c6<\/mi><\/mrow><\/semantics><\/math><\/span><\/p>\n<p>Do \u0111\u00f3, \u0111\u1eb7c t\u00ednh c\u1ee7a ch\u00ednh lo\u1ea1i c\u00e1p s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp \u0111\u1ebfn k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 t\u00ednh to\u00e1n.<\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<h2>10.5. H\u1ec7 s\u1ed1 c\u00f4ng su\u1ea5t<\/h2>\n<p>H\u1ec7 s\u1ed1 c\u00f4ng su\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a t\u1ea3i c\u0169ng \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn s\u1ee5t \u00e1p.<\/p>\n<p>Trong v\u00ed d\u1ee5:<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"katex\"><math display=\"block\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\"><semantics><mrow><mi>cos<\/mi><mo>\u2061<\/mo><mi>\u03c6<\/mi><mo>=<\/mo><mn>0<\/mn><mo separator=\"true\">,<\/mo><mn>8<\/mn><\/mrow><\/semantics><\/math><\/span><\/p>\n<p>v\u00e0:<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"katex\"><math display=\"block\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\"><semantics><mrow><mi>sin<\/mi><mo>\u2061<\/mo><mi>\u03c6<\/mi><mo>=<\/mo><mn>0<\/mn><mo separator=\"true\">,<\/mo><mn>6<\/mn><\/mrow><\/semantics><\/math><\/span><\/p>\n<p>C\u00e1c gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u01b0a tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp v\u00e0o c\u00f4ng th\u1ee9c.<\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<h1>11. C\u00f4ng th\u1ee9c t\u00ednh ph\u1ea7n tr\u0103m s\u1ee5t \u00e1p 3 pha<\/h1>\n<p>Sau khi t\u00ednh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c Vd:<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"katex\"><math display=\"block\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\"><semantics><mrow><menclose notation=\"box\"><mstyle displaystyle=\"false\" scriptlevel=\"0\"><mstyle displaystyle=\"false\" scriptlevel=\"0\"><mstyle displaystyle=\"true\" scriptlevel=\"0\"><mrow><msub><mi>V<\/mi><mi>d<\/mi><\/msub><mo>=<\/mo><msqrt><mn>3<\/mn><\/msqrt><mo>\u00d7<\/mo><mi>I<\/mi><mo>\u00d7<\/mo><mi>L<\/mi><mo>\u00d7<\/mo><mo stretchy=\"false\">(<\/mo><mi>R<\/mi><mi>cos<\/mi><mo>\u2061<\/mo><mi>\u03c6<\/mi><mo>+<\/mo><mi>X<\/mi><mi>sin<\/mi><mo>\u2061<\/mo><mi>\u03c6<\/mi><mo stretchy=\"false\">)<\/mo><\/mrow><\/mstyle><\/mstyle><\/mstyle><\/menclose><\/mrow><\/semantics><\/math><\/span><\/p>\n<p>ta t\u00ednh:<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"katex\"><math display=\"block\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\"><semantics><mrow><menclose notation=\"box\"><mstyle displaystyle=\"false\" scriptlevel=\"0\"><mstyle displaystyle=\"false\" scriptlevel=\"0\"><mstyle displaystyle=\"true\" scriptlevel=\"0\"><mrow><mi mathvariant=\"normal\">%<\/mi><msub><mi>V<\/mi><mi>d<\/mi><\/msub><mo>=<\/mo><mfrac><msub><mi>V<\/mi><mi>d<\/mi><\/msub><msub><mi>V<\/mi><mrow><mi>L<\/mi><mo>\u2212<\/mo><mi>L<\/mi><\/mrow><\/msub><\/mfrac><mo>\u00d7<\/mo><mn>100<\/mn><\/mrow><\/mstyle><\/mstyle><\/mstyle><\/menclose><\/mrow><\/semantics><\/math><\/span><\/p>\n<p>\u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 hai c\u00f4ng th\u1ee9c quan tr\u1ecdng c\u1ea7n nh\u1edb khi th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n b\u00e0i to\u00e1n <strong>t\u00ednh s\u1ee5t \u00e1p \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng d\u00e2y 3 pha<\/strong> theo ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p trong h\u00ecnh.<\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<h1>12. Quy tr\u00ecnh t\u00ednh s\u1ee5t \u00e1p \u0111i\u1ec7n 3 pha<\/h1>\n<p>C\u00f3 th\u1ec3 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n theo <strong>5 b\u01b0\u1edbc<\/strong>:<\/p>\n<h3>B\u01b0\u1edbc 1: X\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh th\u00f4ng s\u1ed1 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng<\/h3>\n<p>X\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u0110i\u1ec7n \u00e1p 3 pha<\/li>\n<li>D\u00f2ng t\u1ea3i<\/li>\n<li>Chi\u1ec1u d\u00e0i c\u00e1p<\/li>\n<li>Ti\u1ebft di\u1ec7n c\u00e1p<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3>B\u01b0\u1edbc 2: X\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh R v\u00e0 X<\/h3>\n<p>L\u1ea5y \u0111i\u1ec7n tr\u1edf v\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec7n kh\u00e1ng t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u1ee9ng v\u1edbi lo\u1ea1i c\u00e1p s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng.<\/p>\n<h3>B\u01b0\u1edbc 3: T\u00ednh sin \u03c6<\/h3>\n<p>N\u1ebfu bi\u1ebft cos \u03c6:<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"katex\"><math display=\"block\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\"><semantics><mrow><mi>sin<\/mi><mo>\u2061<\/mo><mi>\u03c6<\/mi><mo>=<\/mo><msqrt><mrow><mn>1<\/mn><mo>\u2212<\/mo><msup><mrow><mi>cos<\/mi><mo>\u2061<\/mo><\/mrow><mn>2<\/mn><\/msup><mi>\u03c6<\/mi><\/mrow><\/msqrt><\/mrow><\/semantics><\/math><\/span><\/p>\n<h3>B\u01b0\u1edbc 4: T\u00ednh \u0111\u1ed9 s\u1ee5t \u00e1p<\/h3>\n<p><span class=\"katex\"><math display=\"block\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\"><semantics><mrow><msub><mi>V<\/mi><mi>d<\/mi><\/msub><mo>=<\/mo><msqrt><mn>3<\/mn><\/msqrt><mo>\u00d7<\/mo><mi>I<\/mi><mo>\u00d7<\/mo><mi>L<\/mi><mo>\u00d7<\/mo><mo stretchy=\"false\">(<\/mo><mi>R<\/mi><mi>cos<\/mi><mo>\u2061<\/mo><mi>\u03c6<\/mi><mo>+<\/mo><mi>X<\/mi><mi>sin<\/mi><mo>\u2061<\/mo><mi>\u03c6<\/mi><mo stretchy=\"false\">)<\/mo><\/mrow><\/semantics><\/math><\/span><\/p>\n<h3>B\u01b0\u1edbc 5: T\u00ednh ph\u1ea7n tr\u0103m s\u1ee5t \u00e1p<\/h3>\n<p><span class=\"katex\"><math display=\"block\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\"><semantics><mrow><mi mathvariant=\"normal\">%<\/mi><msub><mi>V<\/mi><mi>d<\/mi><\/msub><mo>=<\/mo><mfrac><msub><mi>V<\/mi><mi>d<\/mi><\/msub><msub><mi>V<\/mi><mrow><mi>L<\/mi><mo>\u2212<\/mo><mi>L<\/mi><\/mrow><\/msub><\/mfrac><mo>\u00d7<\/mo><mn>100<\/mn><\/mrow><\/semantics><\/math><\/span><\/p>\n<p>Sau \u0111\u00f3 so s\u00e1nh v\u1edbi gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng cho c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh.<\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<h1>13. L\u01b0u \u00fd khi \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng c\u00f4ng th\u1ee9c v\u00e0o th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf<\/h1>\n<p>K\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 t\u00ednh to\u00e1n th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf c\u1ea7n s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng <strong>th\u00f4ng s\u1ed1 ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c c\u1ee7a nh\u00e0 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t c\u00e1p<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<p>\u0110i\u1ec7n tr\u1edf v\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec7n kh\u00e1ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Nh\u00e0 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t c\u00e1p<\/li>\n<li>Nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 d\u00e2y d\u1eabn<\/li>\n<li>C\u1ea5u t\u1ea1o c\u00e1p<\/li>\n<li>V\u1eadt li\u1ec7u ru\u1ed9t d\u1eabn<\/li>\n<li>Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p l\u1eafp \u0111\u1eb7t<\/li>\n<li>\u0110i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Do \u0111\u00f3, kh\u00f4ng n\u00ean l\u1ea5y c\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ecbnh m\u1ed9t gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb R ho\u1eb7c X cho t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i c\u00e1p c\u00f3 c\u00f9ng ti\u1ebft di\u1ec7n.<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf, n\u00ean s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng th\u00f4ng s\u1ed1 trong datasheet c\u1ee7a \u0111\u00fang lo\u1ea1i c\u00e1p \u0111ang l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn.<\/strong><\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<h1>14. Ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t s\u1ee5t \u00e1p 1 pha v\u00e0 3 pha<\/h1>\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th>N\u1ed9i dung<\/th>\n<th>M\u1ea1ch 1 pha<\/th>\n<th>M\u1ea1ch 3 pha<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>C\u00f4ng th\u1ee9c trong b\u00e0i<\/td>\n<td><span class=\"katex\"><math xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\"><semantics><mrow><mn>2<\/mn><mi>I<\/mi><mi>L<\/mi><mo stretchy=\"false\">(<\/mo><mi>R<\/mi><mi>c<\/mi><mi>o<\/mi><mi>s<\/mi><mi>\u03c6<\/mi><mo>+<\/mo><mi>X<\/mi><mi>s<\/mi><mi>i<\/mi><mi>n<\/mi><mi>\u03c6<\/mi><mo stretchy=\"false\">)<\/mo><\/mrow><\/semantics><\/math><\/span><\/td>\n<td><span class=\"katex\"><math xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\"><semantics><mrow><msqrt><mn>3<\/mn><\/msqrt><mi>I<\/mi><mi>L<\/mi><mo stretchy=\"false\">(<\/mo><mi>R<\/mi><mi>c<\/mi><mi>o<\/mi><mi>s<\/mi><mi>\u03c6<\/mi><mo>+<\/mo><mi>X<\/mi><mi>s<\/mi><mi>i<\/mi><mi>n<\/mi><mi>\u03c6<\/mi><mo stretchy=\"false\">)<\/mo><\/mrow><\/semantics><\/math><\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u0110i\u1ec7n \u00e1p s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 t\u00ednh %<\/td>\n<td>\u0110i\u1ec7n \u00e1p 1 pha<\/td>\n<td>\u0110i\u1ec7n \u00e1p d\u00e2y \u2013 d\u00e2y<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>V\u00ed d\u1ee5 \u0111i\u1ec7n \u00e1p<\/td>\n<td><strong>230V<\/strong><\/td>\n<td><strong>415V<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>H\u1ec7 s\u1ed1 \u0111\u1eb7c tr\u01b0ng<\/td>\n<td><strong>2<\/strong><\/td>\n<td><strong>\u221a3<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>Vi\u1ec7c x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u00fang lo\u1ea1i h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng l\u00e0 r\u1ea5t quan tr\u1ecdng v\u00ec s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng nh\u1ea7m c\u00f4ng th\u1ee9c c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 sai.<\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<h1>15. K\u1ebft lu\u1eadn<\/h1>\n<p><strong>T\u00ednh s\u1ee5t \u00e1p \u0111i\u1ec7n 3 pha<\/strong> l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t b\u01b0\u1edbc quan tr\u1ecdng trong thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf v\u00e0 l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn c\u00e1p cho h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng \u0111i\u1ec7n.<\/p>\n<p>V\u1edbi v\u00ed d\u1ee5 <strong>c\u00e1p \u0111\u1ed3ng 50 mm\u00b2, d\u00e0i 100 m, d\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n 100 A, \u0111i\u1ec7n \u00e1p 415 V, cos \u03c6 = 0,8<\/strong>, s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng:<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"katex\"><math display=\"block\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\"><semantics><mrow><msub><mi>V<\/mi><mi>d<\/mi><\/msub><mo>=<\/mo><msqrt><mn>3<\/mn><\/msqrt><mo>\u00d7<\/mo><mi>I<\/mi><mo>\u00d7<\/mo><mi>L<\/mi><mo>\u00d7<\/mo><mo stretchy=\"false\">(<\/mo><mi>R<\/mi><mi>cos<\/mi><mo>\u2061<\/mo><mi>\u03c6<\/mi><mo>+<\/mo><mi>X<\/mi><mi>sin<\/mi><mo>\u2061<\/mo><mi>\u03c6<\/mi><mo stretchy=\"false\">)<\/mo><\/mrow><\/semantics><\/math><\/span><\/p>\n<p>ta thu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c:<\/p>\n<h3><strong>\u0110\u1ed9 s\u1ee5t \u00e1p \u2248 6,19 V<\/strong><\/h3>\n<h3><strong>Ph\u1ea7n tr\u0103m s\u1ee5t \u00e1p \u2248 1,49%<\/strong><\/h3>\n<p>Theo ti\u00eau ch\u00ed th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n trong h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh, m\u1ee9c s\u1ee5t \u00e1p n\u00e0y n\u1eb1m trong kho\u1ea3ng gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n <strong>3\u20135%<\/strong>, n\u00ean l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn c\u00e1p trong v\u00ed d\u1ee5 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 l\u00e0 ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p.<\/p>\n<blockquote><p><strong>L\u01b0u \u00fd:<\/strong> M\u1ee9c gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n s\u1ee5t \u00e1p c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 c\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh theo ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n, lo\u1ea1i c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh v\u00e0 y\u00eau c\u1ea7u thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng. Kh\u00f4ng n\u00ean d\u00f9ng ri\u00eang b\u1ea3ng\/h\u00ecnh minh h\u1ecda n\u00e0y \u0111\u1ec3 quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh ti\u1ebft di\u1ec7n c\u00e1p cho m\u1ed9t c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf.<\/p><\/blockquote>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>T\u00cdNH S\u1ee4T \u00c1P \u0110I\u1ec6N 3 PHA: C\u00d4NG TH\u1ee8C, C\u00c1CH T\u00cdNH V\u00c0 V\u00cd D\u1ee4 C\u00c1P 50MM\u00b2 T\u00ednh s\u1ee5t \u00e1p \u0111i\u1ec7n 3 pha: C\u00f4ng th\u1ee9c v\u00e0 c\u00e1ch t\u00ednh chi ti\u1ebft Trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng \u0111i\u1ec7n 3 pha, t\u00ednh s\u1ee5t \u00e1p \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng d\u00e2y l\u00e0 b\u01b0\u1edbc quan tr\u1ecdng \u0111\u1ec3 l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn ti\u1ebft di\u1ec7n c\u00e1p ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p [&#8230;]","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":6745,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[17],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-6744","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-tin-tuc"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.4 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>T\u00ednh s\u1ee5t \u00e1p \u0111i\u1ec7n 3 pha: C\u00f4ng th\u1ee9c &amp; V\u00ed d\u1ee5 chi ti\u1ebft - Sunny Solar<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"H\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn t\u00ednh s\u1ee5t \u00e1p \u0111i\u1ec7n 3 pha chi ti\u1ebft v\u1edbi c\u00f4ng th\u1ee9c, \u0111i\u1ec7n tr\u1edf, \u0111i\u1ec7n kh\u00e1ng v\u00e0 h\u1ec7 s\u1ed1 c\u00f4ng su\u1ea5t. 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