{"id":6819,"date":"2026-09-14T14:01:17","date_gmt":"2026-09-14T07:01:17","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/sunnysolar.vn\/?p=6819"},"modified":"2026-09-14T14:01:17","modified_gmt":"2026-09-14T07:01:17","slug":"spd-chong-set-lan-truyen-type-1-type-2-type-3","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/sunnysolar.vn\/en\/spd-chong-set-lan-truyen-type-1-type-2-type-3\/","title":{"rendered":"SPD ch\u1ed1ng s\u00e9t lan truy\u1ec1n l\u00e0 g\u00ec? Ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t SPD Type 1, Type 2 v\u00e0 Type 3"},"content":{"rendered":"

SPD ch\u1ed1ng s\u00e9t lan truy\u1ec1n l\u00e0 g\u00ec?<\/h2>\n

SPD (Surge Protective Device)<\/strong> l\u00e0 thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng \u0111i\u1ec7n v\u00e0 thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb \u0111i\u1ec7n tr\u01b0\u1edbc c\u00e1c xung qu\u00e1 \u00e1p \u0111\u1ed9t bi\u1ebfn do s\u00e9t tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp, s\u00e9t c\u1ea3m \u1ee9ng ho\u1eb7c qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u00f3ng c\u1eaft thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb \u0111i\u1ec7n<\/strong>.<\/p>\n

Khi xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n xung qu\u00e1 \u00e1p, SPD t\u1ea1o \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ec3 chuy\u1ec3n d\u00f2ng xung xu\u1ed1ng h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng ti\u1ebfp \u0111\u1ecba, qua \u0111\u00f3 h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf \u0111i\u1ec7n \u00e1p nguy hi\u1ec3m truy\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb ph\u00eda sau.<\/p>\n

Trong th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf, SPD th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chia th\u00e0nh Type 1, Type 2 v\u00e0 Type 3<\/strong>. Ngo\u00e0i ra c\u00f2n c\u00f3 c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb SPD k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p Type 1+2 ho\u1eb7c Type 1+2+3<\/strong>, cho ph\u00e9p th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n nhi\u1ec1u c\u1ea5p b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 trong c\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb.<\/p>\n

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1. SPD Type 1 \u2013 Ch\u1ed1ng s\u00e9t c\u1ea5p I<\/h2>\n

SPD Type 1 (Class I \/ Lightning SPD)<\/strong> \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf \u0111\u1ec3 x\u1eed l\u00fd d\u00f2ng xung c\u00f3 n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng r\u1ea5t l\u1edbn, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn d\u00f2ng s\u00e9t tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp.<\/p>\n

Theo n\u1ed9i dung h\u00ecnh minh h\u1ecda, SPD Type 1 th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1eafp t\u1ea1i \u0111i\u1ec3m \u0111\u1ea7u ngu\u1ed3n<\/strong>, ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n t\u1ee7 \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1ed5ng MDB ho\u1eb7c v\u1ecb tr\u00ed ngu\u1ed3n \u0111i\u1ec7n \u0111i v\u00e0o c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh.<\/p>\n

\u0110\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m SPD Type 1<\/h3>\n
\n
\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
Ti\u00eau ch\u00ed<\/th>\nSPD Type 1<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n
C\u1ea5p b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7<\/td>\nType 1 \/ Class I<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Ngu\u1ed3n xung ch\u00ednh<\/td>\nS\u00e9t tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp, xung n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng l\u1edbn<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
V\u1ecb tr\u00ed<\/td>\n\u0110\u1ea7u ngu\u1ed3n, t\u1ee7 \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1ed5ng MDB<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
C\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 \u0111i\u1ec3n h\u00ecnh<\/td>\nSpark Gap \/ GDT<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
D\u1ea1ng s\u00f3ng minh h\u1ecda<\/td>\n10\/350 \u00b5s<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
D\u00f2ng Iimp trong h\u00ecnh<\/td>\n\u0110\u1ebfn 12,5 kA\/pole<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
M\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch<\/td>\nB\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 t\u1ed5ng th\u1ec3 tr\u01b0\u1edbc d\u00f2ng s\u00e9t n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng cao<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n

Nguy\u00ean l\u00fd ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 chuy\u1ec3n d\u00f2ng xung n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng l\u1edbn xu\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ea5t<\/strong>, h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf d\u00f2ng s\u00e9t \u0111i s\u00e2u v\u00e0o h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng \u0111i\u1ec7n.<\/p>\n

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2. SPD Type 2 \u2013 Ch\u1ed1ng s\u00e9t lan truy\u1ec1n c\u1ea5p II<\/h2>\n

SPD Type 2 (Class II \/ Surge SPD)<\/strong> l\u00e0 lo\u1ea1i r\u1ea5t ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn trong c\u00e1c t\u1ee7 \u0111i\u1ec7n ph\u00e2n ph\u1ed1i. Thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 tr\u01b0\u1edbc xung qu\u00e1 \u00e1p do s\u00e9t gi\u00e1n ti\u1ebfp v\u00e0 qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u00f3ng c\u1eaft t\u1ea3i<\/strong>.<\/p>\n

SPD Type 2 th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1ed1 tr\u00ed t\u1ea1i Distribution Board (DB), Sub-Distribution Board (SDB)<\/strong> ho\u1eb7c ph\u00eda sau SPD Type 1 trong h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 nhi\u1ec1u c\u1ea5p.<\/p>\n

\u0110\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m SPD Type 2<\/h3>\n
\n
\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
Ti\u00eau ch\u00ed<\/th>\nSPD Type 2<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n
C\u1ea5p b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7<\/td>\nType 2 \/ Class II<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Ngu\u1ed3n xung<\/td>\nS\u00e9t gi\u00e1n ti\u1ebfp, \u0111\u00f3ng c\u1eaft \u0111i\u1ec7n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
V\u1ecb tr\u00ed<\/td>\nT\u1ee7 DB\/SDB, panel<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
C\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 \u0111i\u1ec3n h\u00ecnh<\/td>\nMOV \u2013 Metal Oxide Varistor<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
D\u1ea1ng s\u00f3ng minh h\u1ecda<\/td>\n8\/20 \u00b5s<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
D\u00f2ng In trong h\u00ecnh<\/td>\n\u0110\u1ebfn 20 kA\/pole<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
M\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch<\/td>\nH\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf qu\u00e1 \u00e1p, b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb ph\u00eda sau<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n

Khi xung \u0111i\u1ec7n xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n, MOV b\u00ean trong SPD d\u1eabn d\u00f2ng xung xu\u1ed1ng h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng ti\u1ebfp \u0111\u1ecba v\u00e0 k\u1eb9p \u0111i\u1ec7n \u00e1p v\u1ec1 m\u1ee9c an to\u00e0n h\u01a1n<\/strong> cho thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb ph\u00eda sau.<\/p>\n

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3. SPD Type 3 \u2013 B\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 tinh cho thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb nh\u1ea1y c\u1ea3m<\/h2>\n

SPD Type 3 (Class III \/ Point of Use SPD)<\/strong> \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u1edf c\u1ea5p b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 cu\u1ed1i, th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1eb7t g\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb c\u1ea7n b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7<\/strong>.<\/p>\n

\u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 l\u1edbp b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 d\u00e0nh cho nh\u1eefng xung \u0111i\u1ec7n \u00e1p c\u00f2n d\u01b0 sau khi \u0111\u00e3 \u0111i qua SPD Type 2.<\/p>\n

Theo h\u00ecnh minh h\u1ecda, Type 3 ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb \u0111i\u1ec7n v\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed nh\u1ea1y c\u1ea3m nh\u01b0:<\/p>\n